There are many variations of canine tumors and not all are equal. Some tumors are less problematic for dogs, while others are likely to spread throughout the body. Understanding the common types of tumors, how they present and are treated, and what symptoms to watch for is essential for early treatment and intervention.
Two main types of tumors in dogs
Tumors are characterized as benign or malignant:
Benign tumors are noncancerous tumors that do not spread throughout the body.
clever tumors are cancerous and have the ability to spread cancer throughout your dog’s body. Early intervention is a key part of treatment and recovery.
![Oral melanoma](https://www.dogster.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/Oral-Melanoma-600x450.jpg.optimal.jpg)
Common tumors in dogs include:
- Lipoma.Benign fatty tumors that tend to be soft and mobile (not attached to your dog’s body wall) and vary in size.
- Mast cell tumor (MCT). Malignant tumors that often look like warts or insect bites and may change in size. MCTs are most commonly seen in Boxers, boston terrier, bull terrierAnd Pugs.
- Papilloma.Viral wart-like tumors that usually appear in or around a dog’s mouth. Papillomas are benign but contagious between dogs and are usually characterized by whitish, cauliflower-textured masses.
- Histiocytoma. A benign, fast-growing tumor usually found in young dogs. These tumors are notorious for infections and ulcerations, but tend to resolve on their own over time.
- Hemangiosarcoma. Highly malignant tumor arising from blood vessels. This tumor often affects the liver, skin and spleen and usually affects senior puppies.
- Osteosarcoma. A malignant bone tumor, osteosarcoma causes significant pain, often affecting a forelimb.
- Melanoma. Malignant tumors that are often found in the oral cavity of dogs and can be very aggressive. There is now a melanoma vaccine available for dogs diagnosed with this tumor!
- Sebaceous gland tumor. Raised nodules originating from the sebaceous glands. In rare cases, sebaceous cysts become malignant. Remember that no tumor should be left unattended or forgotten!
Symptoms
Symptoms of dog tumors vary widely depending on many factors and can include:
- Visualizing a bump or lump
- Claudication
- Pain
- Low appetite
- Difficulty eating
- Vomiting or diarrhea
- To cough
- Weightloss
If your dog exhibits any of these symptoms, consult your veterinarian.
Diagnostic
The most common ways to diagnose dog tumors include:
- Fine needle aspiration (FNA). A fine needle aspiration (FNA) involves collecting samples of cells from your dog’s tumor using a needle and syringe and examining these cells under a microscope.
- A biopsy involves removing and submitting a small amount of the tumor for pathological examination. A biopsy reveals detailed information about the tumor and can help classify malignant tumors.
Your veterinarian may recommend additional tests such as x-rays, abdominal ultrasound, or lymph node biopsy.
![Lipoma](https://www.dogster.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/Lipoma-1-600x600.jpg.optimal.jpg)
Treatment
Treatment for malignancies may include:
- Surgical removal
- Radiation
- Chemotherapy
- Palliative care or hospice
Treatment for benign tumors may include:
- Surgical removal
- Managing infections
- Lifetime monitoring
Early detection at home
Benign tumors should remain closely monitored by you and your veterinary team. If any changes occur in size, shape, or consistency, have them reevaluated. Regular examinations by your veterinarian are essential to detect tumors that are less visible to the naked eye.
Early detection of malignant tumors is often done at home. Regularly massage your dog can help you keep tabs on current and new tumors. Monitor changes in your dog’s daily behavior and listen to your instincts. You are your dog’s biggest medical advocate!